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Karl Max, Prince Lichnowsky was appointed Ambassador in London on the death of Baron Marschall von Bieberstein. The pamphlet gives an account of his London Mission; after his return to Germany he lived in retirement in the country, but contributed occasional articles to the Press. The pamphlet, written in August 1916, was not intended for publication, but was distributed confidentially to a few friends. The existence of it had long been known, but it was only in March of this year (1918) that for the first time extracts from it were published in the Swedish newspaper Politiken. Longer extracts have since appeared in the press; for the first time a complete translation made from the German original is niw placed before the public.

Int conf held in Houston March 10 - 14 1969 Papers are Performance of commercially pure titanium in soils Corrosion evaluation of steel test piles exposed to permafrost soils Performance of steel pilings in soils Effects of B C Hydro and Power Authoritys HVDC system on Trans Mountain Oil Pipeline Companys Pipe Line System Corrosion research report The basics of stray current Stray current analysis Selecting a system to prevent corrosion of underground residential distribution transformers Commonwealth Edison Companys URD system past present and future Corrosion aspects of underground residential distribution in low density or rural areas Attacking the URD corrosion problems Studies of electrochemical corrosion and brittle fracture susceptibility of prestressing steel in relation to prestressed concrete bridges A study of depassivation of steel in concrete High weight inhibitors simplify well treatments Corrosion control monitoring - improved method for determining dissolved iron content of produced water A method of improving sulfide cracking resistance of low alloy steels

Current methods of predicting the relative performance between two sailboat hulls are based on towing tank tests of scale models or hydrodynamic numerical models or real-time performance records under sail power or a combination of these. A new method is described which is a full-scale test of hull resistance without sail power or motor power. It is a full-scale coasting test. The method can be used in conjunction with other methods to establish a repeatable basis for comparing hull resistance between different sailboat hulls. The plotted data from the coasting tests produce hull performance profiles. These profiles for sailboat hulls are described. Problems in the method are explored. Results of its application to an IMO (International Offshore Rule) sailboat hull are presented. Future uses of the method are listed and conclusions from the results are presented. The results show promise for future practical applications.

Conf was held October 1213 - 14 1988 in Italy Papers are Highly flexible couplings in modern ships propulsion systems CAD/CAM off-line programming techniques for robotized stations and production lines planning Propeller blade manufacturing - Fincantieri advanced technology of production by CAM-procedure How to assess and evaluate the ships performance The intelligent manual and its connection with PMS system Voyage management with particular reference to weather routeing Methodology and instrumentation for a survey of the electrical power generation and distribution on a modern merchant ship Improving operational economy Static energy conversion systems for naval propulsion Propelling machinery monitoring system Advanced concept of ship collision avoidance The integrated automation system of the Republiche Marinare ships - characteristics and operating experience Masterpilot system manoeuvre control Electrical propulsion for marine applications Diesel electric propulsion plant for a passenger cruise vessel Finmare project; integrated automation of the ship system

Int Conf held in London on 17-19 October 1989 Papers are Positioning by satellites-principles achievements and prospects Position-just what does it mean? The role of precision clocks in satellite navigation Navy navigation satellite systems status Glonass satellite navigation system navigational aspects Global positioning system (GPS)-program status Satellite navigation for civil users Radio determination satellite service implementation The IMO world-wide navigation study Global satellite navigation systems - international financing and institutional arrangements The 1988 federal radionavigation plan and the civil global positioning system service The future for terrestrial navigation systems ADS experiments in Western Europe and possible future developments US program for development of satellite services for air traffic control

Legislative and regulatory action is pending at the international national and state level that will potentially require US Navy compliance with ship engine exhaust emission standards. These standards are based on commercial ship applications and are not suitable models for the time history of naval ship main propulsion engine speed and power combinations. Naval ships are designed and operated much differently than commercial ships and must be considered independently in engine emission regulation. A strategy for testing naval diesel engine for exhaust emissions is presented. A simple procedure to develop naval ship engine duty (test) cycles by combining ship hull form characteristics propulsion plant parameters and ship operating profile is presented. Duty cycles model the time history of engine speed and power. Results for the US Navy LSD 41 Class and MCM1 Class are presented. Comparisons of the derived LSD 41 Class Duty Cycle with commercial standards show that commercial duty cycles are inappropriate for use in naval applications.

This books deals with the subject of push tows and it is divided into three parts. Part I presents a General Outline and comprises the following chapters: Introduction and summary; Ships used; Model; Prototype tests. Part II deals with Guiding structures and guiding-light systems, and contains the following chapters: Introduction; Shape of the guiding structures as seen in plan view; Height of the guiding structures; Optical guiding with the help of guiding lights; Experiences from the prototype. Part III is on The behaviour of push tows entering and leaving the lock, and the accompanying hydraulic phenomena, and it contains the chapters: Phenomena during the lock entry and exit; Progress of lock entry; Translatory waves in the lock-chamber; The safety of ships moored in the chamber during the entry and exit of push tows; Progress of the lock exit; Current velocities over the apron; Symbols used in part III.

Conf held 20-21 November 1990 in London Papers are The role of the naval architect A structured approach to warship design The missile trials craft "Verifier" The problems of misalignment and flexure and how the weapon designer may overcome them The effect of cumulative alignment errors on overall combat system performance and proposals for their reduction Matching warships and sailors Improvement of destroyer performance through optimised seakeeping design Design techniques to upgrade the combat system effectiveness of the FFg-7 class frigate Integrated communication systems for capital ships Mutual interference and its role in warship combat system design Ship integration concept of a very short range air defence system Offboard command casualty launch The role of vulnerability assessments in warship design Design techniques used to optimise the combat system effectiveness of the T23 frigate VOLUME 1 CONTAINS ABOVE PAPERS - VOLUME 2 CONTAINS DISCUSSIONS

Proceedings of Conf held 2-3 December 1991 in London Papers are The computer aided operation of warships The information technology environment of warships Soviet naval concepts - tactical A structured systems engineering process model Electronics integration in RDN ships Information management infrastructure for an integrated combat suite architecture Technology advancements can provide a new lease of life for Knox Class frigates The future of ILS - toiling or toils Zero contention slotted ring - a revolutionary application of fibre optic technology to warships The French instrumentation ship `Monge' Project Bookworm - onboard computerised technical documentation system Design of advanced steering control systems FFG-7 combat system architecture derivation based on information technology advances Automation of the warships platform

Various synthetic chemicals commonly known as ODSs (ozone-depleting substances) have been implicated in the destruction of the Earth's protective stratospheric ozone layer. As a result of international treaty and US legislation the domestic production of the most powerful ODSs (Halons and CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)) has permanently ceased. Many of these ODSs however are refrigerants solvents and fire-fighting agents that have been playing critical roles in daily ship operations. The Navy's original strategy of conserving ODSs converting systems and processes where feasible relying on strategic reserves where necessary and developing 'ozone-friendly' equipment for new-design surface ships and submarines is succeeding. The Navy's efforts to date concerning maintaining the smooth uninterrupted operation of the Fleet under the threats posed by the cessation of ODS production are documented. In particular the Navy's shipboard conversion programs for AC and R (air-conditioning and refrigeration) systems the development of next-generation AC and R systems the selection of Halon substitutes for new-construction fire-fighting systems and the Navy's alternative to CFC-113 in the cleaning of critical oxygen systems.

The prototype is presented of safety-related application of the newly developed real-time remotely accessible marine GIS for water pollution monitoring and emergency management supporting. The system is able to integrate many different types of marine pollution survey data including those acquired by acoustic sensors. It processes the data extracted from acoustic echo signals and supports the instantaneous 2D and 3D visualisation and mapping of pollution aggregations (oil spills discharge material plumes etc.). It also deals with the multi-aspect data management and data analysis and the prediction of the pollutants behaviour. The system makes use of the SQL database standard for data storage and the SVG (scalable vector graphics) and VRML (virtual reality modelling language) for geographical objects remote presentation. Moreover it requires only the WWW browser with SVG and VRML plug-in on the client side. Further work is identified.

Australia and the US entered into the CREAMS (a formal coalition readiness management system) PA (project arrangement) in 2001 to show an interoperability training capability with the long-term goal of establishing a persistent mission planning and rehearsal ability. Known as VCR (virtual coalition readiness) the CREAMS training exercise was based on a scenario of a coalition maritime battle group assisting a local ally to defend offshore island regions against an aggressor. Training simulators located in Australia and manned by real ship's crews were networked with similar simulators in the US. Distributed interactive simulation was used as the networking protocol. DSTO RAN and USN staff collaborated in both simulation-related technical areas such as networking encryption data and intelligence links and DIS (distributed interactive simulation) implementation. In addition an objective-based training system is under development which will provide a quantitative assessment of the training achieved and crew readiness levels. The VCR is reported upon and the lesson learnt achievements and future activities are explored.

The development of a novel neural network training scheme for ship control applications is described. After a brief historical review of the development of ship control a general form of an on-line trained neural network controller (NNC) is presented. The aim is to benefit from the learning ability of neural networks and to derive an autonomous neural control algorithm which is independent of the exact mathematical model of the ship. Utilisation of the proposed NNC in ship control is discussed. (This is the first in a series of two papers).

A large number of ocean activities call for real time or on-line forecasting of wind wave characteristics including significant wave height (Hs). The work reported in this paper uses statistics and ANN (artificial neural networks) trained with an optimisation technique called simulated annealing to estimate the parameters of a probability distribution called heptaparameter spline for the conditional PDFs (probability density functions) of significant wave heights given their eight immediate preceding 3-hourly observed Hs's. These PDFs are used in the simulation of significant wave heights related to a location in the Pacific. The paper also deals with short- and long-term forecasting of Hs for the region through generating random variates from the spline distribution.

The need to access data from emerging Product Model systems to feed legacy analysis systems using neutral formats is addressed. A data exchange was developed and tested between a ship product model and several naval architecture analysis systems. To support this a server was developed to provide the ability to create query and retrieve the important geometry and relationships for ship molded forms and compartmentation for a given analysis task or set of tasks. An interface was created to load the server from a Newport News Shipbuilding workstation VIVID product model using a modified STEP format file. On the other side of the server interfaces were developed for several standard analysis programs.

A new method is described for enhancing the visual interpretation and quantitative analysis of shallow marine habitats. The method is based on the principle of exploiting the critical depth range of each habitat using a digital elevation model (DEM) generated from a bathymetric map. The DEM is used as an input into a mathematical model derived by regressing known depth data with their thematic mapper (TM) spectral values over the dominating depth-variable sandy substrate. The new method proved to be effective for enhancing the visual interpretation of submerged habitats and was also useful for enhancing areas of high suspended sediments in the water. In the quantitative analysis stage the technique was found to increase the final classification accuracy of the subscene substantially.

The trend for land vehicles and ship vessels is towards electrical drive or propulsion. The new German Class 751 Research Vessel (FS) 'Planet' recently started in regular operation. It is equipped with a full electric transmission system with diesel electric generator sets and electric motors for main booster and auxiliary propulsion purposes. The motor and generator systems of MM (Magnet-Motor) for the new German research vessel 'Planet' were successfully approved and integrated on board. A short overview of the design and main test results is presented and the steps from integration to current status are summarised. In the second part of the paper a very compact generator of 420 kW at 2400 rpm with 81 dm3 only is presented. It is adapted for extremely restricted integration conditions which also comprise power electronics devices including the compact DC-AC power inverters.

The NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration will be collecting a significant amount of video and audio material from the projects searching new domains of the oceans. As the volume expands the access to video and audio material requires a new approach. The key elements of a successful service for identifying examining clips and transferring selected subsets are introduced. Cataloguing the video files and the audio files is the first activity. On-line catalogues can assist the selection process by the robust cataloguing protocols and web-friendly access. A solid foundation of identification can extend the value to other data that is related to exploration imagery. Publications data sets and other images such as photographs can be linked with search tools optimised for digital data and card catalogue entries. The purpose of this paper is to initiate a dialogue with the ocean community for addressing video services.

During a typical oceanographic cruise many types of information and data are developed. To address the increasing requirements for archiving preserving and managing digital video still images and audio resources the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Office of Ocean Exploration (OE) embarked on the Video Data Management System (VDMS) Pilot Project in collaboration with other organisations. The VDMS was developed for acquiring cataloguing maintaining and providing access to digital video data. This paper describes many of the processes implemented by NOAA to assure that the digital video data files are managed consistently and effectively for the long term with minimal staff resource requirements.

A noise audit is presented giving typical noise levels durations and corresponding estimated noise doses received by a diver during a typical two week tour of duty. The estimated average noise level is 85 dB. On the basis of this divers may be exposed to noise levels well in excess of the limits defined as acceptable in the Noise at Work Regulations 1989 (NAWR). The estimated time integrated noise dose caused simply by compression to depth of divers may in itself exceed the NAWR limits depending upon the working depth and hence the compression time. Divers compressing to 125 metres of seawater may exceed their maximum allowable daily noise dose by five times. The overall picture presented by the noise audit does not indicate traumatic noise exposure but does indicate a high background of noise that the divers are exposed to over 24 hours a day which is at levels that are known to cause deafness in the long term.